The honest answer: more than most people expect, and almost never less than £80,000 a year all-in for a small site. Below is a realistic 2026 breakdown of where the money actually goes when a UK employer runs an on-site canteen, and the headcount rule of thumb you need before the model stands up.
The real cost lines
Staff are the biggest line. A chef plus one front-of-house person at London rates lands around £75,000–£95,000 fully loaded (salary, NI, pension, holiday cover). Outside London, £55,000–£75,000. That's before any management overhead from a contract caterer.
Food cost typically runs 30–40% of menu price. Waste in a small canteen often hits 15–25% because you're cooking to a forecast that hybrid attendance keeps breaking. Equipment depreciation, gas, electricity, cleaning, pest control and small consumables usually add £10,000–£20,000 a year.
Then there's subsidy. Almost every UK canteen runs at a loss at the till — the employer tops it up so a hot meal lands at £4–£6 rather than the £10–£12 it would need to cost to break even. Typical subsidy per meal is £2–£4.
The headcount you actually need
As a rule of thumb, a contract caterer wants to see 250+ people on-site every day before they'll quote a sensible deal, and 400+ before the numbers really start working without heavy subsidy. Hybrid attendance hurts this badly — 500 employees coming in 2–3 days a week behaves like 200–300 daily for catering purposes.
If your average daily on-site count is under ~200, a canteen will either be expensive per head or quietly run down in quality until people stop using it.
What it adds up to
For a small canteen serving ~100 covers a day, total annual cost to the business (staff + subsidy + overheads, net of till revenue) typically lands between £80,000 and £150,000. For a 300-cover site, £200,000–£400,000 is normal. These numbers are why most UK offices under 250 people quietly don't have a canteen at all.
The lower-overhead alternative most offices now use
For sites that can't justify a canteen, the now-standard answer is workplace food infrastructure: a managed smart fridge with chef-made meals delivered to site multiple times a week, all purchases through an app. No chefs, no FOH, no waste forecast.
The commercial model is flexible — fully subsidised by the employer, partially subsidised, or run at retail where staff pay full price. On business and science parks, the landlord often funds it as a tenant amenity. Even with a generous per-item subsidy, total cost is usually a small fraction of a canteen for a similar amenity signal. Compound runs a free scoping call if you want a like-for-like comparison for your headcount.
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